Bacterial DNA was extracted from ileal and cecal contents
and subjected to PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
(DGGE) analysis of the 16S rRNA region for
characterization of gut microbiota (Li et al. 2003).
Gut samples for evaluation of histology were collected
1 m posterior to the pyloric sphincter and fixed in 10%
buffered formalin solution. Serial sections (5 μm) were cut
and stained with the periodic acid-Schiff (McManus 1946)
to evaluate villus morphology and goblet cell proliferation.
Height of villus was represented by the distance from the
crypt opening to the tip of the villus, while crypt depth was
determined from the base of the crypt to the level of the
opening (Kik et al. 1990). Blood samples were collected via
orbito-sinal puncture from one pig per pen and stored in
uncoated normal and EDTA-coated tubes on day 14 after
weaning and analyzed for white blood cell counts and contents
of total protein, albumin, IgG, tumour necrosis factor-
α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). White blood cells
from samples stored in the uncoated tubes were counted and
differentiated to seg nuetrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and
eosinophil according to Odink et al. (1990). The blood sam
Bacterial DNA was extracted from ileal and cecal contentsand subjected to PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) analysis of the 16S rRNA region forcharacterization of gut microbiota (Li et al. 2003).Gut samples for evaluation of histology were collected1 m posterior to the pyloric sphincter and fixed in 10%buffered formalin solution. Serial sections (5 μm) were cutand stained with the periodic acid-Schiff (McManus 1946)to evaluate villus morphology and goblet cell proliferation.Height of villus was represented by the distance from thecrypt opening to the tip of the villus, while crypt depth wasdetermined from the base of the crypt to the level of theopening (Kik et al. 1990). Blood samples were collected viaorbito-sinal puncture from one pig per pen and stored inuncoated normal and EDTA-coated tubes on day 14 afterweaning and analyzed for white blood cell counts and contentsof total protein, albumin, IgG, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). White blood cellsfrom samples stored in the uncoated tubes were counted anddifferentiated to seg nuetrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, andeosinophil according to Odink et al. (1990). The blood sam
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