Figure 13.3 Working diagrams for impulse and constant pressure turbochanging
The cylinder liner is provided with a water-cooled flange low down to secure low operating temperatures in the most heavily loaded area. The liners are made of alloyed cast iron with ports for scavenge air and bores for the cylinder lubrication system.
Crankshaft
The crankshaft is semi-built for all cylinder numbers with cast steel throws for six- to ten-cylinder engines. Balancing of the engine is undertaken by varying the crankpin bore holes, thus entirely eliminating bolted-on counterweights. Lubrication of the crank bearing is from the crosshead through the connecting rod, thus eliminating stress raising bores in the
crankshaft.
Crosshead
The crosshead (Figure 13.6) is short and rigid and the bearings are so constructed that the bearing pressure between journal and bearing is distributed evenly over the entire length of the bearing. The bearing