This chapter suggests that when faced with the possibility of undertaking a new project, a company must make the decision of whether to pursue that project. A standard way to do this is to perform an analysis based on the expected cash that will be realized by the project. It explains that a stock has a required rate of return (k) that is higher than the risk-free rate owing to its risk, and the expected net present value of the stock is computed using k. Similarly, a risky investment in a project has associated with it a rate, called the risky discount rate that is used to compute the net present expected value (NPEV) of the project. The determination of this expected net present value is called a discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis. A toy decision problem that contains many of the features found in actual decisions concerning real options was devised by Sercu and Uppal. The chapter presents this problem and shows how its solution can be modeled and solved using influence diagrams.