SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE IN OSS
Software maintenance is the modification of a software product after completion of development, to correct faults, improve performance, or to adapt to a changed environment (ANSI/IEEE, 1983). According to Lehman et al. “e-type programs1 will be perceived as of declining quality unless rigorously maintained and adapted to a changing operational environment;” hence system quality is at constant decay [14-16]. One of the major contributors to this decline is lifecycle maintenance activity [16]. In software developed and maintained through conventional methodologies, the effort spent on maintenance represents a majority of the costs incurred during the useful life of a system. Researchers studying lifecycle software costs have shown that software maintenance activities account for as much as 90% of the lifecycle cost of a software system [17]. Extensive research has been done on how maintenance effort increases as a system ages [14]. As more and more organizations are adapting OSS at various levels, it is critical to investigate the factors that affect the maintenance activities in OSS domain. Unlike PSS, there are no contractual obligations for maintenance; hence maintenance costs could be significant in the form of lost business and non-availability of functions, if the project fails to grow. Maintenance activities can be divided into the following four categories.
3.1 Corrective maintenance
Corrective Maintenance is performed to remove a defect. It is performed once a defect has occurred. It is performed at unpredictable time, since there is no prior knowledge of the presence of defect.
3.2 Adaptivemaintenance
Adaptive maintenance is the change in the software to accommodate changes to the environment in which it operates (e.g. new hardware platforms or new business rules).
3.3 PerfectiveMaintenance
Perfective maintenance is the addition of new functionality It involves making changes to improve some aspect of the system, even when the changes are not suggested by faults.
SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE IN OSSSoftware maintenance is the modification of a software product after completion of development, to correct faults, improve performance, or to adapt to a changed environment (ANSI/IEEE, 1983). According to Lehman et al. “e-type programs1 will be perceived as of declining quality unless rigorously maintained and adapted to a changing operational environment;” hence system quality is at constant decay [14-16]. One of the major contributors to this decline is lifecycle maintenance activity [16]. In software developed and maintained through conventional methodologies, the effort spent on maintenance represents a majority of the costs incurred during the useful life of a system. Researchers studying lifecycle software costs have shown that software maintenance activities account for as much as 90% of the lifecycle cost of a software system [17]. Extensive research has been done on how maintenance effort increases as a system ages [14]. As more and more organizations are adapting OSS at various levels, it is critical to investigate the factors that affect the maintenance activities in OSS domain. Unlike PSS, there are no contractual obligations for maintenance; hence maintenance costs could be significant in the form of lost business and non-availability of functions, if the project fails to grow. Maintenance activities can be divided into the following four categories.3.1 Corrective maintenanceCorrective Maintenance is performed to remove a defect. It is performed once a defect has occurred. It is performed at unpredictable time, since there is no prior knowledge of the presence of defect.3.2 AdaptivemaintenanceAdaptive maintenance is the change in the software to accommodate changes to the environment in which it operates (e.g. new hardware platforms or new business rules).3.3 PerfectiveMaintenancePerfective maintenance is the addition of new functionality It involves making changes to improve some aspect of the system, even when the changes are not suggested by faults.
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