where xi is a vector of the ith observation of all of the explanatory variables, and βi is a vector of all of the regression coefficients in the jth regression. The Hausman test was used to check the independence of the irrelevant alternatives property assumption in the model. The reference point used in the analysis is Scenario A. The best model choice was made based on the likelihood-ratio test between models, with each independent variable entered and compared in a forward stepwise manner.
The analysis of the amount willing to pay for VCHI was estimated on a non-zero case only. Factors affecting the amount willing to pay for VCHI (lnwtp) were estimated using ordinary least squares linear regression.