2.1. Participants
Eight male students from the University of Nottingham aged
between 28 and 40 years with a mean age of 31.8 (SD 4.6) years
participated voluntarily in the experiment. They were all right hand
and healthy, with no history of upper limb injury, and
none had been professionally involved in working with hand tools
(and in particular with pliers). They each signed a consent form
before the start of the trials and were paid for their participation.
The study was approved by the local ethical review committee.