After control of massive haemorrhage has been established the
airway should be assessed while simultaneously providing
manual in-line stabilization of the cervical spine. Cervical spine
injury should be assumed to have occurred in patients where any
large transfer of energy has occurred or who have sustained
specific neck trauma. Manual in-line stabilization can be provided
until a collar, spinal board and blocks can be fitted. All
patients should be given high-flow oxygen