In the first step, ultrafiltration of the mixture obtained from
refined canola oil was evaluated. For all tests, before ultrafiltration
of the mixture, the addition of acidified water (0.5% HCl) was
evaluated in the mass concentrations varying from 0% to 20% in
relation to the total mixture mass, under transmembrane pressure
of 0.5–2.0 bar. As previously discussed [31], addition of water affords
the formation of dispersed phase containing water, glycerol,
catalyst, salts and other water-soluble substances, distinct from
the continuous phase rich in ethyl esters and unreacted oil.
In the first step, ultrafiltration of the mixture obtained fromrefined canola oil was evaluated. For all tests, before ultrafiltrationof the mixture, the addition of acidified water (0.5% HCl) wasevaluated in the mass concentrations varying from 0% to 20% inrelation to the total mixture mass, under transmembrane pressureof 0.5–2.0 bar. As previously discussed [31], addition of water affordsthe formation of dispersed phase containing water, glycerol,catalyst, salts and other water-soluble substances, distinct fromthe continuous phase rich in ethyl esters and unreacted oil.
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