In summary, we have developed a green and
environmentally benign water assisted protocol for
the synthesis of 3,4-DHMPs in excellent yields without
using additional solvent/acid catalyst under conventional
heating, microwave irradiation/ultrasound.
The presence of water was found to be vital and the
reactions were found to be faster under microwave
irradiation/ultrasound in comparison to conventional
heating and afforded products in high yields.