The origin of constructivism
Any theory has its basis and background. Constructivism learning theory is not an exception. Its origins mainly include philosophy and psychology.
1.1 The philosophy origin
Constructivism, as a new thought, is a new learning philosophy. Some people agree that the first constructivist is Socrates. His “hippcrates” is a successful model for constructivism teaching. Kant’s studies on the integration of rationalism and empiricism indicate kind of constructivism. In his opinion, the subject can not open toward the external world directly. Only by the constructed-internally principal cognitive rules, the subject can organize experiences and develop knowledge. Later, along with the transfer of structuralism methodology toward post-structuralism, the absolute status of rationalism is broken further. Constructivism learning theory comes into being from the development of cognitivism, turning into a new learning theory.
1.2 The psychology origin
In perspective of psychology, the first who contribute a lot to the development of constructivism thought and apply it to classes and students’ learning and development are Dewey, Piaget, and Vygotsky. Dewey advances the experimental learning theory, emphasizing on the generation and reform of experiences. Switzerland Famous psychologist Piaget is taken as the forerunner of modern constructivism. In 1972 Piaget puts forward the concepts of “assimilation” and “conformability”. In his opinion, the recognition means the subject affects the object by his unique recognition structure, achieving a balance between the subject and the object. Based on psychological ideas, Piaget thinks that all knowledge has the external origin and students’ cognitive development is actualized naturally in the process of receiving knowledge. During 70s and 80s in 20th century, Russia excellent psychologist Vygotsky founds the base for the formation of modern constructivism. According to his idea, learning is a social construction. Individual learning is under certain history and social background.
The origin of constructivismAny theory has its basis and background. Constructivism learning theory is not an exception. Its origins mainly include philosophy and psychology.1.1 The philosophy originConstructivism, as a new thought, is a new learning philosophy. Some people agree that the first constructivist is Socrates. His “hippcrates” is a successful model for constructivism teaching. Kant’s studies on the integration of rationalism and empiricism indicate kind of constructivism. In his opinion, the subject can not open toward the external world directly. Only by the constructed-internally principal cognitive rules, the subject can organize experiences and develop knowledge. Later, along with the transfer of structuralism methodology toward post-structuralism, the absolute status of rationalism is broken further. Constructivism learning theory comes into being from the development of cognitivism, turning into a new learning theory.1.2 The psychology originIn perspective of psychology, the first who contribute a lot to the development of constructivism thought and apply it to classes and students’ learning and development are Dewey, Piaget, and Vygotsky. Dewey advances the experimental learning theory, emphasizing on the generation and reform of experiences. Switzerland Famous psychologist Piaget is taken as the forerunner of modern constructivism. In 1972 Piaget puts forward the concepts of “assimilation” and “conformability”. In his opinion, the recognition means the subject affects the object by his unique recognition structure, achieving a balance between the subject and the object. Based on psychological ideas, Piaget thinks that all knowledge has the external origin and students’ cognitive development is actualized naturally in the process of receiving knowledge. During 70s and 80s in 20th century, Russia excellent psychologist Vygotsky founds the base for the formation of modern constructivism. According to his idea, learning is a social construction. Individual learning is under certain history and social background.
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