Conclusion
Using cost-effective and environment-friendly catalysts is particularly useful for the production of biodiesel. The eggshell wastes are used as the catalyst for this process. This catalyst contains CaCO3 which is converted to CaO after calcination at temperatures 900°C for 4h. The optimum conditions, which yielded a conversion of palm oil of nearly 92 and 94% for duck and chicken eggshell waste-derived catalyst, were reaction time 4h, reaction temperature 65°C, methanol/oil molar ratio 9, and catalyst loading 20 wt.% with pressure 1 atm in glass reactor.