Healthy growing shoots collected from, Duhok city, Kurdistan Region of Iraq in April, 2011. The shoots were thoroughly washed using tap water to remove dirts and dusts, followed by surface disinfestation by immersing in a mixture of 5% NaOCl solution containing few drops of Tween-20 surfactant. A gentile vacuum was applied for 15 min. to dislodge the air bubbles possibly captured within the tissues. Under aseptic conditions, the disinfestant was discarded and the shoots were rinsed 3 times with autoclaved deionized water. The shoot apex, consisting of apical meristeme, leaf primordial were excised and transferred to culture vessel containing(25 ml) nutrient medium