Sporadic air pollution events, like the historic London fog
in 1952 and a number of short and long term epidemiological
studies investigated the effects of air quality changes on human
health. A constant finding is that air pollutants contribute
to increased mortality and hospital admissions (Brunekreef
M. Kampa, E. Castanas / Environmental Pollution 151 (2008) 362e367 363
and Holgate, 2002). The different composition of air pollutants,
the dose and time of exposure and the fact that humans
are usually exposed to pollutant mixtures than to single substances,
can lead to diverse impacts on human health. Human
health effects can range from nausea and difficulty in breathing
or skin irritation, to cancer.