But though in a civilized monarchy, as well as in a republic, the people have security for the
enjoyment of their property; yet in both these forms of government, those who possess the
supreme authority have the disposal of many honours and advantages, which excite the ambition
and avarice of mankind. The only difference is, that, in a republic, the candidates for office must
look downwards, to gain the suffrages of the people; in a monarchy, they must turn their
attention upwards, to court the good graces and favour of the great. To be successful in the
former way, it is necessary for a man to make himself useful, by his industry, capacity, or
knowledge: To be prosperous in the latter way, it is requisite for him to render himself
agreeable, by his wit, complaisance, or civility. A strong genius succeeds best in republics: A
refined taste in monarchies. And consequently the sciences are the more natural growth of the
one, and the polite arts of the other.
I.
XIV.29
But though in a civilized monarchy, as well as in a republic, the people have security for theenjoyment of their property; yet in both these forms of government, those who possess thesupreme authority have the disposal of many honours and advantages, which excite the ambitionand avarice of mankind. The only difference is, that, in a republic, the candidates for office mustlook downwards, to gain the suffrages of the people; in a monarchy, they must turn theirattention upwards, to court the good graces and favour of the great. To be successful in theformer way, it is necessary for a man to make himself useful, by his industry, capacity, orknowledge: To be prosperous in the latter way, it is requisite for him to render himselfagreeable, by his wit, complaisance, or civility. A strong genius succeeds best in republics: Arefined taste in monarchies. And consequently the sciences are the more natural growth of theone, and the polite arts of the other.I.XIV.29
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