Because of this, farmers are left
with no option but to burn the straw in the field.
A case study conducted in 2004 in the cities of
Can Tho and Tien Giang (two intensive rice production areas in MD2008).
Off-field rice straw could be used for non-energy purposes
such as biochar, fertilizer, mushroom production, animal bedding,
fodder, and the conversion of energy into fuel, heat, or electricity