shows the unadjusted population-weighted prevalence
of CdUs above the three levels associated with microproteinuria or
reduced GFR.At allthree urine levels, current cigarette smokers had
the highest prevalence rates (e.g., 36.2% at 0.5 g Cd/g creatinine),
and former smokers had the next highest (28.5% at 0.5 g Cd/g
creatinine) compared to non-smokers (10.8% at 0.5 g Cd/g cre-