Our data on attitudes toward smoking were
collected as part of the National Survey on
Drug Use and Health and aggregated for each
state We derived our data on attitudes from
the following question that this survey asked of
all participants: “How much do people risk
harming themselves physically and in other
ways when they smoke one or more packs
of cigarettes per day?” Participants who
responded “great risk” were rated as having
a negative attitude toward smoking.
State taxes averaged over 2001 and 2002
ranged from 2.8 cents to $1.31 across states.
Prevalence of negative attitudes toward
smoking ranged from 64.4% to 72.2%. We
linked data on instrumental variables to the
NESARC data according to the state of
residence of the NESARC participants at
baseline