programs used by CHCs to increase the
flow of clinicians to underserved areas,
which are widely used by rural and urban
grantees alike (TABLE 4). These data
reflect only clinicians who are currently
participating in one of these
programs. The number of CHC physicians
and dentists who benefited
from these programs would be higher
if alumni of these programs were
included.
There are 3 general categories of recruitment
incentives: educational scholarships,
in which medical and dental
students incur subsequent service paybacks;
loan repayment for service in
designated shortage areas; and J-1 visa
waivers for international medical graduates
(IMGs). Of these, loan repayment
is the most frequently used. Eight hundred
thirty-three (14.5%) of the physicians
currently working in CHCs and
348 (22.6%) of the dentists in CHCs
were receiving either federal or state
loan repayment. Rural programs had a
greater proportion of their staff in each
of these programs. Of the current rural
physician staff, 44.5% are enrolled
in one of these programs, almost twice
as great a proportion as within urban
CHCs.
CHCs in general and rural grantees
in particular are dependent on IMG
physicians. Of the rural CHCs, 37.6%
have current physician staff who have
been given J-1 visa waivers that allow
them to practice in designated shortage
areas. Because some IMGs change
their immigration status after several
years of working in the United States
and no longer depend on J-1 visa waivers
to remain in the country, the total
number of IMGs working in CHCs is
almost certainly higher than that listed
in Table 4.
The pattern is similar for dentists, with
32.6% of current rural dentists either
previous recipients of National Health
Service Corps (NHSC) scholarships or
currently receiving loan repayment from
programs used by CHCs to increase theflow of clinicians to underserved areas,which are widely used by rural and urbangrantees alike (TABLE 4). These datareflect only clinicians who are currentlyparticipating in one of theseprograms. The number of CHC physiciansand dentists who benefitedfrom these programs would be higherif alumni of these programs wereincluded.There are 3 general categories of recruitmentincentives: educational scholarships,in which medical and dentalstudents incur subsequent service paybacks;loan repayment for service indesignated shortage areas; and J-1 visawaivers for international medical graduates(IMGs). Of these, loan repaymentis the most frequently used. Eight hundredthirty-three (14.5%) of the physicianscurrently working in CHCs and348 (22.6%) of the dentists in CHCswere receiving either federal or stateloan repayment. Rural programs had agreater proportion of their staff in eachof these programs. Of the current ruralphysician staff, 44.5% are enrolledin one of these programs, almost twiceas great a proportion as within urbanCHCs.CHCs in general and rural granteesin particular are dependent on IMGphysicians. Of the rural CHCs, 37.6%have current physician staff who havebeen given J-1 visa waivers that allowthem to practice in designated shortageareas. Because some IMGs changetheir immigration status after severalyears of working in the United Statesand no longer depend on J-1 visa waiversto remain in the country, the totalnumber of IMGs working in CHCs isalmost certainly higher than that listedin Table 4.The pattern is similar for dentists, with32.6% of current rural dentists eitherprevious recipients of National HealthService Corps (NHSC) scholarships orcurrently receiving loan repayment from
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