77 An oil pump is drawing 35 kW of electric power while pumping oil with =860 kg/m3 at a rate of 0.1 m3/s. The inlet and outlet diameters of the pipe are 8 cm and 12 cm.
A pump is pumping oil at a specified rate. The pressure rise of oil in the pump is measured, and the motor efficiency is specified. The mechanical efficiency of the pump is to be determined.
Assumptions 1 The flow is steady and incompressible. 2 The elevation difference across the pump is negligible
Properties The density of oil is given to be =860 kg/m3
Analysis Then the total mechanical energy of a fluid is the sum of the potential, flow and kinetic energies, and is expressed per unit mass as mech =2 /2 . To determine the mechanical efficiency of the pump. We need to know the increase in the mechanical energy of the fluid as it flows through the pump. Which is
Emech,fluid =m(emech,out –emech,in )=m((Pv)2 +V2 2 /2-(Pv)1-V12 /2)=V((P2 –P1)+(V2 2-V12)
Since m==V/v , and there is no change in the potential energy of the fluid Also
V1=V/A1=(0.1 m3/s)/(0.08m)2 /4)=19.9 m/s
V2=V/A2=(0.1 m3/s)/(0.12m)2/4)=8.84 m/s
Substituting, the useful pumping power is determined to be
Wpump=Emech.fluid
= (0.01 m3/s)(400 kN/m2+(860kg/m3)*(8.84 m/s)2-19.9m/s2)/2*(1kN/1000kg.m/s2))(1kW/1kN.m/s)
=26.3 kW
Then the shaft power and the machanical efficency of the pump become
Wpump,shaft=motorWelectric = (0.90)(35kW)=31.5 kW pump=Wu/Wshaft=26.3 kw/31.5 kW=0.836=83.6%
Discussion The overall efficiency of this pump/motor unit is the product of the mechanical and motor efficiencies,which is 0.9*
77 An oil pump is drawing 35 kW of electric power while pumping oil with =860 kg/m3 at a rate of 0.1 m3/s. The inlet and outlet diameters of the pipe are 8 cm and 12 cm. A pump is pumping oil at a specified rate. The pressure rise of oil in the pump is measured, and the motor efficiency is specified. The mechanical efficiency of the pump is to be determined.Assumptions 1 The flow is steady and incompressible. 2 The elevation difference across the pump is negligibleProperties The density of oil is given to be =860 kg/m3 Analysis Then the total mechanical energy of a fluid is the sum of the potential, flow and kinetic energies, and is expressed per unit mass as mech =2 /2 . To determine the mechanical efficiency of the pump. We need to know the increase in the mechanical energy of the fluid as it flows through the pump. Which is Emech,fluid =m(emech,out –emech,in )=m((Pv)2 +V2 2 /2-(Pv)1-V12 /2)=V((P2 –P1)+(V2 2-V12)Since m==V/v , and there is no change in the potential energy of the fluid AlsoV1=V/A1=(0.1 m3/s)/(0.08m)2 /4)=19.9 m/sV2=V/A2=(0.1 m3/s)/(0.12m)2/4)=8.84 m/sSubstituting, the useful pumping power is determined to beWpump=Emech.fluid= (0.01 m3/s)(400 kN/m2+(860kg/m3)*(8.84 m/s)2-19.9m/s2)/2*(1kN/1000kg.m/s2))(1kW/1kN.m/s)=26.3 kWThen the shaft power and the machanical efficency of the pump becomeWpump,shaft=motorWelectric = (0.90)(35kW)=31.5 kW pump=Wu/Wshaft=26.3 kw/31.5 kW=0.836=83.6%Discussion The overall efficiency of this pump/motor unit is the product of the mechanical and motor efficiencies,which is 0.9*
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