FUs were determined 4 d after streaking soil onto selective media. In addition to the experiment described above where B. bassiana was mixed with soil and then plated, a second approach was implemented where B. bassiana was plated first and a soil suspension was added thereafter. This experiment was added to bolster the challenge to our hypothesis. Approximately 1000 conidia were spread onto selective media (Doberski and Tribe, 1980). After 24 h, 200 ll of soil suspension was applied to each plate and spread evenly. The soil suspensions included the three preparations described above (except that B. bassiana was not added to the soil), i.e., soil from pupal cells, field soil, and autoclaved soil. As an additional control, one set of plates contained B. bassiana but did not receive any soil. Similar to the first experiment, there were four replicates, each replicate included three plates (hence 12 plates total per treatment or control), and the entire experiment was repeated once in time. The number of CFUs on all selective media plates was determined after 4 d.