The Hofstede's(1980) theory of cultural differentiation has been often criticized for: (a) assuming that a national territory corresponds with a cultural group(many countries include a range of culture groups); (b) data being collected in a single industry(computer industry) and a single multinational corporation; (c) data not being representative of other members of the cultures; (d) the questionable validity of the items used to construct the indices; (e) the western bias because of the methodology used in collecting the data; and(f not being exhaustive