Here, both smokers without asthma (b = −7.88, p b 0.001) and smokers with asthma (b = −4.59,p b 0.001) evidenced significant reductions in desire to smoke overtime. The test of the group × time interaction revealed a significant interaction effect (b = −3.29, p = 0.026), indicating that the rate of decline in desire to smoke occurred more quickly over time for smokers without asthma, relative to those with asthma (see Fig. 2).