(Hatsukami et al., 2003 and Hecht et al., 2010) and few inter-laboratory comparisons have been made of these data (Minet et al., 2011). Consequently, their utility in understanding smokers’ exposure to toxicants is somewhat restricted given current scientific capabilities in this area. In recent years, mouth-level exposure approaches have been developed that examine used cigarette butts to estimate individual human exposure to nicotine, nicotine-free dry particulate matter (NFDPM, tar) and a small number of individual toxicants. This approach shows promise, but it is limited to the set of toxicants within the scope of the technique.