In a few cases, solution agitation is employed with the intent of causing a mechanical
scouring action. For example, in a spray washer, the cleaning fluid is caused to impinge
forcefully on the work for this purpose. Similarly, in ultrasonic cleaning tanks, the cavitation
created by the transducer is intended to induce a scrubbing of the surface of the work. In an
electrocleaning tank, again, the gas liberated at the work surface fulfills the same objective.
In electroplating processes, very high-energy agitation has been found to discourage
formation of metal whiskers and to increase deposit hardness by promoting dislocations.
These examples of agitation, however, are the exceptions to the rule. In the metal-
finishing theater, the normal role of solution agitation is a simple one--just another in a long
list of requirements that must be met if we are to ask the real physical world to give credence
to our man-made theories. That is, our calculations of plating rates and efficiencies, rinse
ratios, and required reaction times, are invariably based, for simplicity's sake, on the
supposition of solution homogeneity.
All we ask of an agitation system is that it generate sufficient mixing action that this
supposition not be found presumptuous and wanting. But as in all real-world situations, things
aren't as simple as they first appear.
In a few cases, solution agitation is employed with the intent of causing a mechanical
scouring action. For example, in a spray washer, the cleaning fluid is caused to impinge
forcefully on the work for this purpose. Similarly, in ultrasonic cleaning tanks, the cavitation
created by the transducer is intended to induce a scrubbing of the surface of the work. In an
electrocleaning tank, again, the gas liberated at the work surface fulfills the same objective.
In electroplating processes, very high-energy agitation has been found to discourage
formation of metal whiskers and to increase deposit hardness by promoting dislocations.
These examples of agitation, however, are the exceptions to the rule. In the metal-
finishing theater, the normal role of solution agitation is a simple one--just another in a long
list of requirements that must be met if we are to ask the real physical world to give credence
to our man-made theories. That is, our calculations of plating rates and efficiencies, rinse
ratios, and required reaction times, are invariably based, for simplicity's sake, on the
supposition of solution homogeneity.
All we ask of an agitation system is that it generate sufficient mixing action that this
supposition not be found presumptuous and wanting. But as in all real-world situations, things
aren't as simple as they first appear.
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