Protein oxidation is one of the most innovative issues in meat quality evaluation.
This is because muscle tissue contains high amounts of proteins which play a pivotal role in meat quality regarding the sensory,nutritional and physico-chemical properties of meat and meat products.
protein oxidation is described as the covalent modification of a protein induced ROS or by reacting with
secondary by-products of oxidative stress. Protein oxidation occurs
through a chain reaction of free radicals like oxidation of lipids in animal muscle .
protein oxidation begins with the initiation processes of abstracting hydrogen atoms from protein (PH) via ROS to form a protein carbon-centered radical (P•, reaction a) which is consequently converted into analkylproxyl radical
(POO•, reaction b) in the presence of oxygen
and to an alkylperoxide (POOH, reaction c) by abstracting hydrogen atoms from another susceptible molecule.
Subsequent reactions with ROS, such as HO2 or with reduced forms of transition metals (Mn+),
such as Fe2+ or Cu+1, lead to the production of alkoxyl radical (PO•, reaction e and f)
and its hydroxyl derivative (POH, reaction g).
The oxidation of protein also occurs due to the interaction between proteins,
especially the nitrogen or sulfur centers of reactive amino acid residues of protein (PH)
and lipid hydroperoxide (ROOH) or secondary lipid oxidation products, such as aldhehydes or reducing sugar (reaction h)
Protein oxidation occurs through a chain reaction of free radicals like oxidation of lipids in animal muscle.
The peroxyl radicals (ROO•), formed during lipid oxidation, is absorbed by hydrogen atoms
from protein molecules (PH) through chains of reactions summarised