There are four main processes involved in reverse logistics. First there is collection, next there is
the combined inspection / selection /sorting process, thirdly there is re-processing or direct
recovery and finally there is redistribution. Collection refers to bringing the products from the
customer to a point of recovery. At this point the products are inspected, i.e. their quality is
assessed and a decision is made on the type of recovery. Direct recovery embraces re-use, re-sale
and re-distribution. Reprocessing includes the following options: repair, refurbishing, remanufacturing, retrieval (cannibalization), recycling and incineration or landfill. Finally,
redistribution is the process of bringing the recovered goods to new users. The condition of
returned products determines the nature of reprocessing to be performed on them.