Subgroup analyses (Table 3) suggest that psychological treatments might possibly be less effective in patients having minor depression and/or dysthymia (pooled SMD was −0.09) compared with patients with major depression (pooled SMD, −0.38) or with a variety of depressive disorders or those not further specified (pooled SMD, −0.31). There was a trend for smaller effect sizes in trials limited to elderly patients (SMD, −0.17 vs −0.31 in trials not limited to elderly patients). There were no clear differences in outcomes in subgroup analyses according to recruitment approach, delivery mode, treatment concept, number of treatment sessions, risk of bias, and sample size.