Marks & Spencer's

Marks & Spencer's "Plan A" green st

Marks & Spencer's "Plan A" green strategy was so-named because there was no Plan B, according to the retailer's then chief executive, Stuart Rose, in 2007. The current boss, Marc Bolland, must now persuade anxious shareholders that the company should not change its approach, or its leader.

Bolland faces a tough reception at the company's annual general meeting on Tuesday. Investors who gather at Wembley Stadium are expected to hear that fashion sales declined for the eighth quarter in a row. The steady decline, despite Bolland's attempt to woo back shoppers, threatens to undermine his case to investors that he can revive the business.

He views the Plan A social and environmental plan, with its emphasis on cutting waste, saving energy, trading fairly and animal welfare, as integral to the rebirth of M&S. Ask him if he'll still be seeing it through in a year's time and the tone turns from green to red. The former Morrisons boss does not conceal his irritation, and points to recent public backing from chairman Robert Swannell, despite presiding over two successive years of declining profits.

Ask him if he thinks he's the got the right strategy for M&S – the crucial autumn/winter clothes collection is said to have impressed investors — and Bolland is adamant: "I've been confident from day one and now I'm very confident in the strategy. In the long-term, for this company to stay in the hearts and minds of customers, shareholders and all stakeholders, the brand needs to be built around trust and Plan A builds strongly around trust."



Analysts predict that M&S will report that fashion and homeware sales fell by 1.5%, on a like-for-like basis, in the last three months. That could fuel criticism of the company's performance, with lingerie director Janie Schaffer having quit after just three months in April. Food sales, though, are expected to have risen by 1.6%.

According to Bolland, long-term investors are interested in a sustainable business fuelled by the values behind Plan A. Shoppers, assailed in recent months by headlines over the source of their products, like the idea that they don't have to worry if their strawberries are ethically sourced or that workers are treated well in factories supplying M&S.

Those issues of food and labour sourcing have had a major impact on the news headlines this year. M&S, however, was untouched by the horsemeat scandal that hit Tesco among others, and also had no links to the Rana Plaza factory in Bangladesh where more than 1,000 workers died in April when the building collapsed. Primark was among the clothing brands that had to defend their manufacturing strategies after the tragedy when it emerged that dozens of western retailers used the Dhaka complex. Twenty UK retailers, including M&S, attended a government summit last week to discuss how to prevent a repeat of the disaster.

Bolland suggests that M&S has avoided these disasters because of the strong sourcing policies of Plan A, which was billed as costing £200m over five years when it launched in January 2007 with typical Rose razzmatazz, but has since saved the company £320m.

He says M&S's food business has been doing well recently partly because shoppers trust the way the retailer sources food compared to rivals who discovered there was horsemeat in their beef products, and that those ethical values can also play a part in turning clothing sales around.

"Plan A has given an additional strength and trust in our business and brands and helped us improve and protect the provenance of our sourcing," he says.With that in mind, Bolland insists that the Plan A targets are not negotiable, despite tough economic times in which some shoppers give social and environmental issues a lower priority. "In the economic times of today, interest in sustainability is under pressure and it shouldn't be because it is more critical now," Bolland says.His response to shoppers' changing priorities is more customer and community engagement.

M&S will be offering 1,400 unemployed young people one-month work placements this year in a scheme backed by The Prince's Trust. At last month's Plan A conference for 1,200 M&S stakeholders, including manufacturers, charities and pressure groups, Bolland called on the retailer's suppliers to offer similar placements equivalent to 2% of their workforce, the same proportion as M&S. He has also sought pledges from rival FTSE 100 companies, and believes at least 10 more will get involved in the bid to help tackle high youth unemployment.

Bolland also wants to raise customer awareness about the way M&S sources goods. Within three years, he wants customers to be able to use product codes or the company's website to see exactly where individual items have been made. He said transparency was important for all retailers in the days of smartphones, which enable shoppers to quickly gain access to information on working conditions and farming methods around the world.

"If they want to find out they will find out in the future and they will know all of our factories because it is in reach," he said.

Winning shoppers over with such ideas could be important as gains from Plan A may be harder to find in tough economic times.

M&S saved £135m through Plan A in the past year, up from £105m last year, partly by installing low-energy lighting and changing the kind of refrigerators it used, which also helped cut overall carbon emissions by 0.5% year-on-year and 23% since 2006.

M&S has also cut waste by 28%, water use by 27% and trained and educated more than 240,000 workers in its supply chain.

But M&S struggled to meet some of its targets as shoppers tighten their belts.

The company has been forced to set aside efforts to convert key clothing ranges to Fairtrade cotton, triple sales of organic food and convert pork to freerange sources amid indifference from shoppers and problems with supply.

Meanwhile, use of disposable plastic bags was up year on year, and the company's How We Do Business report published last month also reveals that M&S was behind the industry average in cutting down food packaging.

A bid to collect 20m items of clothing a year for recycling by 2015 under its Shwopping scheme fronted by actress Joanna Lumley also looks tough to meet. In the past year 3.8m items were collected against 3.3m in the year before, as shoppers' habits proved hard to change.

Still, Bolland says M&S continues to move forward, switching focus from Fairtrade cotton, for example, to sourcing more sustainable textiles through projects such as the Better Cotton Initiative which uses less water and pesticides than fibre grown in the traditional way. He argues that sticking to its ethical targets means that M&S has strong backing from its staff even as the company faces external criticism over its clothing sales.

City analysts believe the performance of M&S's autumn/winter collection will be crucial for the company. "The fashion writers seem to have a broadly positive narrative on the new ranges but the key measure will be that of 'Ms & Mrs Britain'," said Clive Black of Shore Capital.
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Marks & Spencer's "Plan A" green strategy was so-named because there was no Plan B, according to the retailer's then chief executive, Stuart Rose, in 2007. The current boss, Marc Bolland, must now persuade anxious shareholders that the company should not change its approach, or its leader.Bolland faces a tough reception at the company's annual general meeting on Tuesday. Investors who gather at Wembley Stadium are expected to hear that fashion sales declined for the eighth quarter in a row. The steady decline, despite Bolland's attempt to woo back shoppers, threatens to undermine his case to investors that he can revive the business.He views the Plan A social and environmental plan, with its emphasis on cutting waste, saving energy, trading fairly and animal welfare, as integral to the rebirth of M&S. Ask him if he'll still be seeing it through in a year's time and the tone turns from green to red. The former Morrisons boss does not conceal his irritation, and points to recent public backing from chairman Robert Swannell, despite presiding over two successive years of declining profits.Ask him if he thinks he's the got the right strategy for M&S – the crucial autumn/winter clothes collection is said to have impressed investors — and Bolland is adamant: "I've been confident from day one and now I'm very confident in the strategy. In the long-term, for this company to stay in the hearts and minds of customers, shareholders and all stakeholders, the brand needs to be built around trust and Plan A builds strongly around trust." Analysts predict that M&S will report that fashion and homeware sales fell by 1.5%, on a like-for-like basis, in the last three months. That could fuel criticism of the company's performance, with lingerie director Janie Schaffer having quit after just three months in April. Food sales, though, are expected to have risen by 1.6%.According to Bolland, long-term investors are interested in a sustainable business fuelled by the values behind Plan A. Shoppers, assailed in recent months by headlines over the source of their products, like the idea that they don't have to worry if their strawberries are ethically sourced or that workers are treated well in factories supplying M&S.Those issues of food and labour sourcing have had a major impact on the news headlines this year. M&S, however, was untouched by the horsemeat scandal that hit Tesco among others, and also had no links to the Rana Plaza factory in Bangladesh where more than 1,000 workers died in April when the building collapsed. Primark was among the clothing brands that had to defend their manufacturing strategies after the tragedy when it emerged that dozens of western retailers used the Dhaka complex. Twenty UK retailers, including M&S, attended a government summit last week to discuss how to prevent a repeat of the disaster.Bolland suggests that M&S has avoided these disasters because of the strong sourcing policies of Plan A, which was billed as costing £200m over five years when it launched in January 2007 with typical Rose razzmatazz, but has since saved the company £320m.He says M&S's food business has been doing well recently partly because shoppers trust the way the retailer sources food compared to rivals who discovered there was horsemeat in their beef products, and that those ethical values can also play a part in turning clothing sales around."Plan A has given an additional strength and trust in our business and brands and helped us improve and protect the provenance of our sourcing," he says.With that in mind, Bolland insists that the Plan A targets are not negotiable, despite tough economic times in which some shoppers give social and environmental issues a lower priority. "In the economic times of today, interest in sustainability is under pressure and it shouldn't be because it is more critical now," Bolland says.His response to shoppers' changing priorities is more customer and community engagement.M&S will be offering 1,400 unemployed young people one-month work placements this year in a scheme backed by The Prince's Trust. At last month's Plan A conference for 1,200 M&S stakeholders, including manufacturers, charities and pressure groups, Bolland called on the retailer's suppliers to offer similar placements equivalent to 2% of their workforce, the same proportion as M&S. He has also sought pledges from rival FTSE 100 companies, and believes at least 10 more will get involved in the bid to help tackle high youth unemployment.Bolland also wants to raise customer awareness about the way M&S sources goods. Within three years, he wants customers to be able to use product codes or the company's website to see exactly where individual items have been made. He said transparency was important for all retailers in the days of smartphones, which enable shoppers to quickly gain access to information on working conditions and farming methods around the world."If they want to find out they will find out in the future and they will know all of our factories because it is in reach," he said.Winning shoppers over with such ideas could be important as gains from Plan A may be harder to find in tough economic times.M&S saved £135m through Plan A in the past year, up from £105m last year, partly by installing low-energy lighting and changing the kind of refrigerators it used, which also helped cut overall carbon emissions by 0.5% year-on-year and 23% since 2006.M&S has also cut waste by 28%, water use by 27% and trained and educated more than 240,000 workers in its supply chain.But M&S struggled to meet some of its targets as shoppers tighten their belts.The company has been forced to set aside efforts to convert key clothing ranges to Fairtrade cotton, triple sales of organic food and convert pork to freerange sources amid indifference from shoppers and problems with supply.Meanwhile, use of disposable plastic bags was up year on year, and the company's How We Do Business report published last month also reveals that M&S was behind the industry average in cutting down food packaging.A bid to collect 20m items of clothing a year for recycling by 2015 under its Shwopping scheme fronted by actress Joanna Lumley also looks tough to meet. In the past year 3.8m items were collected against 3.3m in the year before, as shoppers' habits proved hard to change.Still, Bolland says M&S continues to move forward, switching focus from Fairtrade cotton, for example, to sourcing more sustainable textiles through projects such as the Better Cotton Initiative which uses less water and pesticides than fibre grown in the traditional way. He argues that sticking to its ethical targets means that M&S has strong backing from its staff even as the company faces external criticism over its clothing sales.City analysts believe the performance of M&S's autumn/winter collection will be crucial for the company. "The fashion writers seem to have a broadly positive narrative on the new ranges but the key measure will be that of 'Ms & Mrs Britain'," said Clive Black of Shore Capital.
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Marks & Spencer's "Plan A" green strategy was so-named because there was no Plan B, according to the retailer's then chief executive, Stuart Rose, in 2007. The current boss, Marc Bolland, must now persuade anxious shareholders that the company should not change its approach, or its leader.

Bolland faces a tough reception at the company's annual general meeting on Tuesday. Investors who gather at Wembley Stadium are expected to hear that fashion sales declined for the eighth quarter in a row. The steady decline, despite Bolland's attempt to woo back shoppers, threatens to undermine his case to investors that he can revive the business.

He views the Plan A social and environmental plan, with its emphasis on cutting waste, saving energy, trading fairly and animal welfare, as integral to the rebirth of M&S. Ask him if he'll still be seeing it through in a year's time and the tone turns from green to red. The former Morrisons boss does not conceal his irritation, and points to recent public backing from chairman Robert Swannell, despite presiding over two successive years of declining profits.

Ask him if he thinks he's the got the right strategy for M&S – the crucial autumn/winter clothes collection is said to have impressed investors — and Bolland is adamant: "I've been confident from day one and now I'm very confident in the strategy. In the long-term, for this company to stay in the hearts and minds of customers, shareholders and all stakeholders, the brand needs to be built around trust and Plan A builds strongly around trust."



Analysts predict that M&S will report that fashion and homeware sales fell by 1.5%, on a like-for-like basis, in the last three months. That could fuel criticism of the company's performance, with lingerie director Janie Schaffer having quit after just three months in April. Food sales, though, are expected to have risen by 1.6%.

According to Bolland, long-term investors are interested in a sustainable business fuelled by the values behind Plan A. Shoppers, assailed in recent months by headlines over the source of their products, like the idea that they don't have to worry if their strawberries are ethically sourced or that workers are treated well in factories supplying M&S.

Those issues of food and labour sourcing have had a major impact on the news headlines this year. M&S, however, was untouched by the horsemeat scandal that hit Tesco among others, and also had no links to the Rana Plaza factory in Bangladesh where more than 1,000 workers died in April when the building collapsed. Primark was among the clothing brands that had to defend their manufacturing strategies after the tragedy when it emerged that dozens of western retailers used the Dhaka complex. Twenty UK retailers, including M&S, attended a government summit last week to discuss how to prevent a repeat of the disaster.

Bolland suggests that M&S has avoided these disasters because of the strong sourcing policies of Plan A, which was billed as costing £200m over five years when it launched in January 2007 with typical Rose razzmatazz, but has since saved the company £320m.

He says M&S's food business has been doing well recently partly because shoppers trust the way the retailer sources food compared to rivals who discovered there was horsemeat in their beef products, and that those ethical values can also play a part in turning clothing sales around.

"Plan A has given an additional strength and trust in our business and brands and helped us improve and protect the provenance of our sourcing," he says.With that in mind, Bolland insists that the Plan A targets are not negotiable, despite tough economic times in which some shoppers give social and environmental issues a lower priority. "In the economic times of today, interest in sustainability is under pressure and it shouldn't be because it is more critical now," Bolland says.His response to shoppers' changing priorities is more customer and community engagement.

M&S will be offering 1,400 unemployed young people one-month work placements this year in a scheme backed by The Prince's Trust. At last month's Plan A conference for 1,200 M&S stakeholders, including manufacturers, charities and pressure groups, Bolland called on the retailer's suppliers to offer similar placements equivalent to 2% of their workforce, the same proportion as M&S. He has also sought pledges from rival FTSE 100 companies, and believes at least 10 more will get involved in the bid to help tackle high youth unemployment.

Bolland also wants to raise customer awareness about the way M&S sources goods. Within three years, he wants customers to be able to use product codes or the company's website to see exactly where individual items have been made. He said transparency was important for all retailers in the days of smartphones, which enable shoppers to quickly gain access to information on working conditions and farming methods around the world.

"If they want to find out they will find out in the future and they will know all of our factories because it is in reach," he said.

Winning shoppers over with such ideas could be important as gains from Plan A may be harder to find in tough economic times.

M&S saved £135m through Plan A in the past year, up from £105m last year, partly by installing low-energy lighting and changing the kind of refrigerators it used, which also helped cut overall carbon emissions by 0.5% year-on-year and 23% since 2006.

M&S has also cut waste by 28%, water use by 27% and trained and educated more than 240,000 workers in its supply chain.

But M&S struggled to meet some of its targets as shoppers tighten their belts.

The company has been forced to set aside efforts to convert key clothing ranges to Fairtrade cotton, triple sales of organic food and convert pork to freerange sources amid indifference from shoppers and problems with supply.

Meanwhile, use of disposable plastic bags was up year on year, and the company's How We Do Business report published last month also reveals that M&S was behind the industry average in cutting down food packaging.

A bid to collect 20m items of clothing a year for recycling by 2015 under its Shwopping scheme fronted by actress Joanna Lumley also looks tough to meet. In the past year 3.8m items were collected against 3.3m in the year before, as shoppers' habits proved hard to change.

Still, Bolland says M&S continues to move forward, switching focus from Fairtrade cotton, for example, to sourcing more sustainable textiles through projects such as the Better Cotton Initiative which uses less water and pesticides than fibre grown in the traditional way. He argues that sticking to its ethical targets means that M&S has strong backing from its staff even as the company faces external criticism over its clothing sales.

City analysts believe the performance of M&S's autumn/winter collection will be crucial for the company. "The fashion writers seem to have a broadly positive narrative on the new ranges but the key measure will be that of 'Ms & Mrs Britain'," said Clive Black of Shore Capital.
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คะแนน&สเปนเซอร์ " แผน " ยุทธศาสตร์สีเขียว ดังนั้นชื่อเพราะไม่มีแผน B ตามของผู้ค้าปลีกแล้ว หัวหน้าผู้บริหาร สจ๊วต โรส ใน 2007 ปัจจุบันหัวหน้ามาร์คบอลแลนด์ตอนนี้ต้องชักชวนผู้ถือหุ้นกังวลว่า บริษัท ไม่ควรเปลี่ยนวิธีการหรือหัวหน้า

บอลแลนด์หน้าเหนียวรับที่บริษัทของการประชุมประจำปีเมื่อวันอังคารนักลงทุนผู้รวบรวมที่สนามกีฬาเวมบลีย์คาดว่าจะได้ยินว่าแฟชั่นขายลดลงในไตรมาส 2 ในแถว ลดลงคงที่แม้จะมีความพยายามของนักช้อป บอลแลนด์วูกลับมาคุกคามที่จะทำลายคดีของเขาให้กับนักลงทุนว่า เขาสามารถฟื้นฟูธุรกิจ

เขามุมมองแผนแผนสังคม และ สิ่งแวดล้อม ด้วยเน้นการตัดของเสีย , การประหยัดพลังงานการซื้อขายที่เป็นธรรมและสวัสดิภาพสัตว์เป็นส่วนประกอบในการเกิดใหม่ของ M &เอสถามเขา ถ้าเขาจะยังคงเห็นผ่านในเวลาของปีและเสียงจะเปลี่ยนจากสีเขียวเป็นสีแดง อดีต morrisons เจ้านายไม่ได้ปกปิดความหงุดหงิดของเขา และจุดที่จะสนับสนุนสาธารณะจากประธานโรเบิร์ต swannell แม้ประธานสองต่อเนื่องปี

ผลกำไรลดลงถามเขาถ้าเขาคิดว่าเขามีกลยุทธ์ที่เหมาะสมสำหรับ M & S –ที่สำคัญในฤดูใบไม้ร่วง / ฤดูหนาวคอลเลกชันเสื้อผ้ากล่าวว่ามีนักลงทุน - ประทับใจ และบอลแลนด์ยืนยันว่า : " ฉันได้รับความมั่นใจจากวันหนึ่งและตอนนี้ผมมั่นใจในกลยุทธ์ ในระยะยาว สำหรับ บริษัท นี้อยู่ในจิตใจของลูกค้า ผู้ถือหุ้น และผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียแบรนด์ต้องถูกสร้างขึ้นรอบ ๆเชื่อใจและวางแผนสร้างขอรอบเชื่อ "



นักวิเคราะห์คาดการณ์ว่า M &จะรายงานว่าแฟชั่นและ homeware ยอดขายลดลง 1.5% ในชอบชอบพื้นฐาน ในช่วงสามเดือนที่ผ่านมา เชื้อเพลิงที่สามารถวิจารณ์งานของ บริษัท กับกรรมการชุดเจนี่ แชฟเฟอร์ต้องลาออกหลังจากเพียงสามเดือนในเดือนเมษายน ขายอาหาร แม้ว่าที่คาดว่าจะเพิ่มขึ้นร้อยละ 1.6 .

ตามบอลแลนด์ นักลงทุนระยะยาว มีความสนใจในธุรกิจอย่างยั่งยืนเชื้อเพลิงโดยค่าหลังแผน ก. ผู้ซื้อ , assailed ในเดือนล่าสุด โดยพาดหัวข่าวมากกว่าแหล่งที่มาของผลิตภัณฑ์ของตน เหมือนความคิดที่พวกเขาไม่ต้องกังวลถ้าสตรอเบอร์รี่ของพวกเขามีจริยธรรมที่มาหรือที่คน จะได้รับการรักษาที่ดีในโรงงานขาย M & S .

ปัญหาเหล่านั้นของอาหารและแรงงาน จัดหาได้มีผลกระทบสำคัญบนพาดหัวข่าวในปีนี้ M & s , อย่างไรก็ตาม , มิได้ถูกแตะต้องโดย horsemeat อื้อฉาวที่ตีเทสโก้ในหมู่คนอื่น ๆและยังไม่มีการเชื่อมโยงไปยังกลุ่มโรงงานในบังกลาเทศ พลาซ่า ที่แรงงานกว่า 1 , 000 เสียชีวิตในเดือนเมษายน เมื่อตึกถล่มพรีมาร์คของเสื้อผ้าแบรนด์ดัง ที่ต้องปกป้องกลยุทธ์การผลิตหลังจากเกิดโศกนาฏกรรมเมื่อมันโผล่ออกมาว่าหลายสิบร้านค้าปลีกตะวันตกใช้ธากาที่ซับซ้อน ยี่สิบร้านค้าปลีก UK รวมทั้ง M & S , เข้าร่วมการประชุมสัปดาห์ที่แล้วรัฐบาลเพื่อหารือเกี่ยวกับวิธีการป้องกันไม่ให้เกิดหายนะ

บอลแลนด์แสดงให้เห็นว่า M & S มีหลีกเลี่ยงภัยพิบัติเหล่านี้เพราะแรงจัดหานโยบายแผน ซึ่งถูกเรียกเก็บเงินเป็นทุนกว่า 200 กว่าห้าปีเมื่อมันเปิดตัวในเดือนมกราคม 2007 ด้วยปกติกุหลาบราซมาทาซ แต่เนื่องจากมีการบันทึกของ บริษัท ได้รับ 320m .

เขาบอกว่า M S &ธุรกิจอาหาร ได้ ทำ ดี เมื่อเร็วๆนี้ ส่วนหนึ่งเป็นเพราะผู้ซื้อไว้ใจทางแหล่งค้าปลีกอาหารเมื่อเทียบกับคู่แข่งที่ค้นพบมี horsemeat ในผลิตภัณฑ์เนื้อ และพวกค่านิยมเชิงจริยธรรมยังสามารถเล่นเป็นส่วนหนึ่งในการเปิดขายเสื้อผ้ารอบ

จะได้รับการเพิ่มความแข็งแรง และเชื่อถือในธุรกิจและแบรนด์ของเราและช่วยให้เราปรับปรุงและปกป้องรากของเราจัดหา , " เขากล่าวว่า กับในใจ บอลแลนด์ยืนยันว่าวางแผนเป้าหมาย ต่อรองไม่ได้ แม้ในบางช่วงเวลาที่เศรษฐกิจแย่ ซึ่งนักช้อปให้ปัญหาทางสังคมและสิ่งแวดล้อมมีความสำคัญกว่า " ในเวลาที่เศรษฐกิจของวันนี้
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การสนับสนุนเครื่องมือแปลภาษา: กรีก, กันนาดา, กาลิเชียน, คลิงออน, คอร์สิกา, คาซัค, คาตาลัน, คินยารวันดา, คีร์กิซ, คุชราต, จอร์เจีย, จีน, จีนดั้งเดิม, ชวา, ชิเชวา, ซามัว, ซีบัวโน, ซุนดา, ซูลู, ญี่ปุ่น, ดัตช์, ตรวจหาภาษา, ตุรกี, ทมิฬ, ทาจิก, ทาทาร์, นอร์เวย์, บอสเนีย, บัลแกเรีย, บาสก์, ปัญจาป, ฝรั่งเศส, พาชตู, ฟริเชียน, ฟินแลนด์, ฟิลิปปินส์, ภาษาอินโดนีเซี, มองโกเลีย, มัลทีส, มาซีโดเนีย, มาราฐี, มาลากาซี, มาลายาลัม, มาเลย์, ม้ง, ยิดดิช, ยูเครน, รัสเซีย, ละติน, ลักเซมเบิร์ก, ลัตเวีย, ลาว, ลิทัวเนีย, สวาฮิลี, สวีเดน, สิงหล, สินธี, สเปน, สโลวัก, สโลวีเนีย, อังกฤษ, อัมฮาริก, อาร์เซอร์ไบจัน, อาร์เมเนีย, อาหรับ, อิกโบ, อิตาลี, อุยกูร์, อุสเบกิสถาน, อูรดู, ฮังการี, ฮัวซา, ฮาวาย, ฮินดี, ฮีบรู, เกลิกสกอต, เกาหลี, เขมร, เคิร์ด, เช็ก, เซอร์เบียน, เซโซโท, เดนมาร์ก, เตลูกู, เติร์กเมน, เนปาล, เบงกอล, เบลารุส, เปอร์เซีย, เมารี, เมียนมา (พม่า), เยอรมัน, เวลส์, เวียดนาม, เอสเปอแรนโต, เอสโทเนีย, เฮติครีโอล, แอฟริกา, แอลเบเนีย, โคซา, โครเอเชีย, โชนา, โซมาลี, โปรตุเกส, โปแลนด์, โยรูบา, โรมาเนีย, โอเดีย (โอริยา), ไทย, ไอซ์แลนด์, ไอร์แลนด์, การแปลภาษา.

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