2. Literature Review
According to Merriam and Cafarella (1999), there is no specific theory which explains the process of adult learning. It is a
mix and combination of a variety of theories such as sociology, philosophy, social and psychology as well as influences from education and socio-culture theories. Adult learning theory can be divided into four categories such as behaviourist, cognitivist, social and humanistic. Behaviorists assert that learning takes place when there is a connection between stimulus and response. Environmental factors are considered to foster learning. Cognitivists, on the other hand, believe that learning is achieved through assimilation and accommodation.