heavy, dry climbing pellicles on assimilation media, and one or two round ascospores were also found on acetate agar af- ter a 3-day incubation. Almost all the characteristics of strain TW1-3 matched the standard species description of Saccha- romyces cerevisiae (Barnett et al., 2000; Kurtzman and Fell, 1998). TW1-3 also produced one round or oval ascospore on acetate agar after a 3-day incubation, and in some cases, four ascospores were observed. However, this strain gave a posi- tive reaction in the assimilation of D-xylose, and a positive but delayed reaction in nitrate, which was not observed in S. cerevisiae as described by Kurtzman and Fell (1998). PCR amplification and sequencing The amplification of the 18S rDNA and ITS1 rDNA PCR amplicons was verified by electrophoresis on 2% (w/v) agarose gel. Using primer NS26, the 18S rDNA PCR products in strains TB2-1 and TW1-3 were 920 bp and 899 bp, respectively. ITS1 rDNA PCR amplicons of 137 bp and 369 bp were obtained using primer 58SR1 for TB2-1 and TW1-3, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis To confirm the traditional iden- tification techniques, 18S rDNA and ITS1 rDNA sequence- based phylogenetic analyses were performed. Based on the BLAST search with the above 18S rDNA sequences, the closest matches to strain TB2-1 and nucleotide identities