for making treatment decisions?
Some individuals are at high cardiovascular risk because they have established
cardiovascular disease or very high levels of individual risk factors. Risk
stratification is not necessary for making treatment decisions for these
individuals as they belong to the high risk category; all of them need intensive
lifestyle interventions and appropriate drug therapy1,2. They include people:
with established cardiovascular d ■■ isease
■■ without established CVD who have a total cholesterol ≥ 8 mmol/l (320 mg/
dl) or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol ≥ 6 mmol/l (240 mg/dl) or
TC/HDL-C (total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol) ratio >8
■■ without established CVD who have persistent raised blood pressure
(>160–170/100–105 mmHg)
■■ with type 1 or 2 diabetes, with overt nephropathy or other significant
renal disease
■■ with renal failure or renal impairment.