The future evolution of the concentration of near-surface pollutants determining air quality at a scale affecting human health and ecosystems is a subject of intense scientific research. Robert Vautard and Didier Hauglustaine, based on this thematic issue, reviewed the current scientific knowledge of the consequences of global climate change on regional air quality and its related impact on the biosphere and on human mortality. The changes in the global atmospheric composition, changes in the regional air quality and the organization of the thematic issue of near-surface pollutants that determines the air quality [11].