The periodic table is a chart of all the elements known to man. The first widely used periodic table was published by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869. The "standard form" of the periodic table contains 18 columns, with all elements listed in increasing atomic number. A new row begins when the first element that starts a new electron shell. As of 2012, the periodic table included 118 elements, with 114 officially named by IUPAC. The periodic table follows a standard method of grouping the elements; these methods are described below.