In other literature on assessing the practice and beliefs of instructors, studies have explored the influence of the instructor on student learning. Studies at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels have examined teachers‟ conceptions (e.g., Boulton-Lewis, Smith, McCrindle, Burnett & Campbell 2001; Kember 1997), teachers‟ perspectives (e.g., Pratt 2002), and teachers‟knowledge and beliefs (e.g., Calderhead 1996; Meijer, Verloop & Beijaard 1999; Pajares 1992).