The present EMs had a physiological dimension as demonstrated
by the perceived pathways of physical activity
(Figure 1) and urban living (Figure 2) leading to hypertension.
Though hypertension is said to be asymptomatic,
the present EMs considered hypertension as symptomatic.
However, blood pressure check-up has been perceived as
the only means of identifying one's hypertension status as
ambiguity prevails over perceived symptoms.