Effect of sesamin, a sesame lignan, on the hepatic fatty acid metabolism was examined in the rat.
Increase of the dietary level of sesamin progressively increased the mitochondrial and peroxisomal
fatty acid oxidation rate. Mitochondrial activity almost doubled in rats fed a 0.5% sesamin diet. Peroxisomal
activity became more than 10 times higher in rats fed a 0.5% sesamin diet, compared to those
fed a sesamin-free diet. Dietary sesamin also markedly increased the hepatic activity and mRNA levels
of various fatty acid oxidation enzymes. In contrast, dietary sesamin decreased the hepatic activity
and mRNA abundance of lipogenic enzymes. This was associated with the down-regulation of sterol
regulatory element-binding protein-1, a transcriptional factor that regulates the lipogenic enzyme gene
expression. Dietary sesamin significantly decreased the triacylglycerol secretion accompanying the
increase in ketone body production by the perfused rat liver. It is apparent that sesamin affects the fatty
acid metabolism and lipoprotein production in the liver, and hence lowers the serum lipid levels. We
also developed several sesame lines with seeds containing sesamin and sesamolin at twice the concentration
of conventional cultivars. Compared to a conventional cultivar, these lignan-rich sesame seeds
increased the hepatic fatty acid oxidation rate and lowered the serum triacylglycerol level in the rat.
Therefore, it is considered that enrichment of the lignans potentiates the characteristics of sesame in
improving human health.
Effect of sesamin, a sesame lignan, on the hepatic fatty acid metabolism was examined in the rat.
Increase of the dietary level of sesamin progressively increased the mitochondrial and peroxisomal
fatty acid oxidation rate. Mitochondrial activity almost doubled in rats fed a 0.5% sesamin diet. Peroxisomal
activity became more than 10 times higher in rats fed a 0.5% sesamin diet, compared to those
fed a sesamin-free diet. Dietary sesamin also markedly increased the hepatic activity and mRNA levels
of various fatty acid oxidation enzymes. In contrast, dietary sesamin decreased the hepatic activity
and mRNA abundance of lipogenic enzymes. This was associated with the down-regulation of sterol
regulatory element-binding protein-1, a transcriptional factor that regulates the lipogenic enzyme gene
expression. Dietary sesamin significantly decreased the triacylglycerol secretion accompanying the
increase in ketone body production by the perfused rat liver. It is apparent that sesamin affects the fatty
acid metabolism and lipoprotein production in the liver, and hence lowers the serum lipid levels. We
also developed several sesame lines with seeds containing sesamin and sesamolin at twice the concentration
of conventional cultivars. Compared to a conventional cultivar, these lignan-rich sesame seeds
increased the hepatic fatty acid oxidation rate and lowered the serum triacylglycerol level in the rat.
Therefore, it is considered that enrichment of the lignans potentiates the characteristics of sesame in
improving human health.
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