replacement, since R. mangle dominated until, approximately, 15 km from the mouth of the river (before Iguape Bbay), while L. racemosa dominated from this distance until the upper estuarine zone (see Figs. 1 and 3). Canonical ordination also showed that this pattern also emerges when considering the set of the three estu- aries species distribution, and that this pattern was driven by salinity (Fig. 4).