This
common set of indicators for the complete supply chain can
be identified as key performance indicators. Efficiency
measures how well the resources are utilized (Lai et al.,
2002). It includes several measures such as production
costs, profit, return on investment and inventory. Flexibility
indicates the degree to which the supply chain can respond
to a changing environment and extraordinary customer
service requests (Bowersox and Closs, 1996; Beamon,
1998)