4. Conclusions
The results of this investigation present that the DLLME, which
combines with FAAS by a discrete nebulization is a powerful
tool for the preconcentration and determination of trace
levels of lead in aqueous samples. The small volume of the
sedimented phase (25L) leads to high values of the enrichment
factor. The nebulization of 20L non-flammable organic
extract of the lead–DDTP complex into the flame provides a
very smooth and spike-like signal profiles and the evolution
of only a small amount of toxic gases. In this method, the sample
preparation time as well as the consumption of the toxic
organic solvents is minimized without affecting the sensitivity
of the method.