After a comprehensive clinical assessment, shared decision
making between patient and clinician is used to determine
which educational interventions are appropriate for the patient.
Shared decision making is guided by evidence of what works.
In smoking, the review conducted by Naughton et al. showed
that for pregnant women, self-help interventions nearly doubled
the quit rate, as compared with standard care.27 However,
self-help materials for smoking cessation have no additional
benefit when used with advice from a health professional in
adult smokers.15,22 In HIV/AIDS, patient support and education,
delivered individually as opposed to in groups, improved
adherence to antiretroviral therapy.28