factor placing the ankle at risk for initial or recurrent ankle sprain can be determined based on the history and physical examination of the athlete. A history of previous ankle injury, especially in athlete with recurrent sprains during the childhood or adolescent period, has been strongly correlated with weaker ankles prone to injuries in the third and fourth decades. Fiore and Leard noted that certain footwear and playing surfaces may add increased traction and rotation to prevent early foot release and may therefore potentiate ankle ligament injuries. Findings on physical examination contributing to ankle sprains include peroneal muscle weakness, lateral ligament deficiency, generalized ligamentous laxity, joint adhesions, bony malalignment of the ankle joint, and a cavus or cavovarus foot. Kaumeyer and Malone noted that loss of flexibility of the gastrocnemius muscle may limit dorsiflexion, thereby increaseing subtalar supination and placing the ankle at high risk for injury.