It is worth a clarification about the insignificant religion–death penalty views relationship found in this study. As noted before, religion such as Shintoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism is not clearly associated with death penalty views in Japan. In addition, this study just used a simple yes/no item to measure the respondents’ religious affiliation. Thus, the measure does not well capture the nuances of religiosity that may shape the views of the death penalty. Finally, there is only about 1% of Japanese are Christian (Johnson & Zimring, 2009). Fundamentalists are even less. There is a likelihood that none of the respondents in this study is fundamentalist. Thus, an insignificant religion–death penalty view relationship in this study may not necessarily suggest that a positive fundamentalism–death penalty relationship found in the United States does not exist in Japan.