large number of childhood obesity intervention studies
have been conducted in high-income counties over the
past three decades. They predominantly took place in
school settings, and mostly in the United States. Many
of the school-based studies also included intervention
components implemented in other settings, such as
the home and community. Overall, there is moderate
to high strength of evidence that diet and/or physical
activity interventions that are implemented in schools
help prevent weight gain or reduce the prevalence of
overweight and obesity. However, the evidence on the
effectiveness of interventions primarily implemented in
other settings is largely low or insufficient. We need more
research to test interventions conducted in settings other
than schools, especially to test the impact of policy and
environmental changes. We need to encourage research
that tests innovative interventions that take advantage of
new technologies, behavioral theories, and methodologies,
including systems science.