Accountability systems must also be aligned to accurately measure the key indicators of progress. To successfully
incorporate 21st century teaching methods into today’s classrooms, educators must also update their means
of assessing learning (Jacobs, 2010) and use the resulting data not just to assign grades, but to customize and
personalize instruction to meet individual student needs. According to Bain (2004), “outstanding teachers [use]
assessment to help students learn, not just to rate and rank their efforts” (p. 151).