Writing up the case study In Part 4 we will discuss specific techniques for presenting research findings. Case study research can be presented in a number of ways, the most commonly used method is to use a convincing story (Yin, 2002), which relies on rich pictures created by descriptive narrative. This is not the only option available to the case study researcher. Depending on your audience you may wish to provide visual descriptions of the case; if so you will construct "rich pictures' using diagrams and evidence. The options will be discussed later in more detail but an important thing to remember is that constructing narratives is also a form of analysis. Writing theory as it emerges from the field is always recommended; it is not necessary to leave this until the end. You will certainly have to present your research participants with some form of written description if you are to allow them to contribute to an informed member check. Trustworthiness in case study research is demonstrated using the criteria discussed in Part 1 to establish credibility, transferability, confirmability and dependability.