a disturbing rate resulting in bare patches in rubber lands.
These bare patches remain as a source of inoculum for infection
(Ogbebor et al. 2013). The disease originates on roots and
spreads to the collar region. Foliar symptoms are initiated subsequently
with the destruction of the root system (Jayasinghe
2010). Its above ground symptoms indicate that the trees are
mostly beyond treatment and recovery, as rapid progress of
infection makes death imminent (Ismail & Azaldine 1985).