There are at least six reasons why it is important for research to examine the role of the teacher in problem – solving instruction. First, the information is needed to develop a theory of problem – solving instruction and to understand the natural acquisition of problem – solving ability. Second, such data are needed to explain variation in teacher performance. Third, such data are required to validly assess the extent of implementation of contemporary advice to teachers. Fourth, survey data will enable experimenters conducting treatment studies to determine the extent to which control – group instruction is representative. Fifth, descriptive data will assist researchers doing experimental studies to explain how treatment teachers must modify their behavior. Finally, such studies will have implications for both preservice and inservice teacher education.