In order to investigate the change in behaviour after the introduction
of the PPS, Montoro et al. (2008) interviewed 2014 Spanish
drivers aged 16 years or older (mean age = 42.9; 61.2% males) one
year after the introduction of the PPS. Their aim was to measure
changes in driving behaviour with regards to: drink driving, speeding,
using a handheld mobile phone, using a seat belt, using a
helmet, maintaining a safe following distance and stopping in a
prohibited area (Montoro et al., 2008). They asked whether drivers
had changed these driving behaviours following the introduction
of the PPS and whether they engaged in these behaviours: more
often, less often, or at the same frequency as prior to the PPS.