1. Introduction
Egypt, an arid country has a negative water balance. The supply of Nile River water islimited, which provides Egypt
with 55.5BCM/yr of water each year from Lake Nasser (Paisley and Henshaw, 2013). Economic development and
population growth in Egypt continue to increase the demandsfor water. Meeting these demands, placesincreasing stress
on Egypt’s water institutions to support the country’s need for food, urban, industrial and environmental water uses
(Gohar and Ward, 2010). In summary, the actual water resources currently available for use in Egypt are 55.5BCM/yr
Nile River, 1.3BCM/yr effective rainfall on the northern strip of the Delta and 2BCM/yr non-renewable groundwater
for western desert and Sinai, while water requirements for different sectors are in the order of 79.5BCM/yr