Inputs of continental freshwater are present both from the Italian and from the Slovenian area.
In its turn, given the small dimensions of the Gulf, this determinates a high variation in water salinity, temperature and density especially during spring and autumn (Raicich et al., 2013), with the sea temperature varying along the year between 9 °C to 25 °C and salinity ranging from 33 to 37 (Malačič et al., 2006).